EXTRTA CREDIT: NOTES FROM CHAPTER 5&6

Classical Era:
Seminal Ideas
BIG 5(+1)
1. Confucius: born in China
Classical Era (~500 B.C. teach)
-collections of sayings > Analects
-did he write this book? NO
         -his followers wrote these
-emphasis (on what he wrote): social harmony all owe piety to each other
         EX: father and son all have their own roles
-notion of heaven idea that people have authority to hold (mandate of heaven)
-false: not a system of religion
-people still apply it today
-social stability (Confucius trying to make harmonious)

2. Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha)
-he was born poor? NO, he was a prince but ha wanted to be different and wanted to go to a different path.
-~500B.C. teach
-he was born in India
-religion (Hindu roots
-still not practiced in India where widely practiced? China/Asia
-main goal of Buddhism: reach enlightenment
-anyone can achieve enlightenment
-How different than Hindu? has caste systems/ not all people same
-in Buddhism: you could be reincarnated -> anyone can be enlightenment within life time
-social change

3. Hindu
-caste system (social hierarchy)
     -social levels
             untouchables
             peasants
             merchants
             artisans
             warriors
            priests
within this system way people are reincarnated is that people are / can only move one caste/level per life
-social stability (is it still practiced? yes)
-no individual
-it is a religion
-goal -> enlightenment one step @ a time
-Upanishads, rhamina, bubugata gita

4. Socrates
-born in Greece
-did not write a book
-not religion, but a system of philosophy (system of rational inquiry) asking question
-no own work, his students (Plato)
-still practiced today
-Socratic thought (social change/ new thoughts, values & encourages/ questioning/ everyone has knowledge-Socratic thinking -system of thought considered a threat to society)
-Socrates (100yr old period during which Classical Greece had golden, flourishing thoughts-which became humanist)
-rational thought...is there ultimate reality? to things we see on Earth    EX: chair-form that we consider to be a chair
-Plato had this idea-philosopher (political leader should serve as a term)
-democracy inherently flawed

5. Jesus
-Romans (Roman republic/ empire)
-republic: anti-monarchical (tired of ruled by kings)/ continued and took ideas came from Greece
-democratic/political union/ growth too much
-300B.C. -450A.D
-empire: emperor (one @ top)
-developed a system of religion
-he didn't write
-social change
-why ideas scary? potentially a political threat/ Christ distracted people